[토비의 스프링 - Vol.1]7.6.2 빈 스캐닝과 자동와이어링 실습 중 에러 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

[ p.676 ]

xml로 설정했던 부분을 자바로 변경을 한 후

TestApplicationContext.java에서 설정한 것을 리팩토링 하는 작업 중에 에러가 발생했다.

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class TestApplicationContext {

	....
    
	@Bean
	public UserDao userDao(){
		return new UserDaoJdbc();
	}
    
    ....
 }

위에 코드로 실행할 때는 테스트 코드가 정상적으로 작동했다.

하지만 아래처럼 코드를 변경하니 에러가 발생...

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "user")
public class TestApplicationContext {

    @Autowired
    UserDao userDao;
    
    ....
    
 }

 

에러 코드...

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:132) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:123) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244) at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:98) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$6(ClassTestDescriptor.java:352) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.JupiterTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(JupiterTestDescriptor.java:204) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$7(ClassTestDescriptor.java:352) at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193) at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:175) at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382) at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:482) at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:472) at java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:312) at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:743) at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:742) at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:580) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassTestDescriptor.java:351) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassTestDescriptor.java:270) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$2(ClassTestDescriptor.java:259) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$3(ClassTestDescriptor.java:263) at java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:267) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassTestDescriptor.java:262) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:98) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:97) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:68) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$1(NodeTestTask.java:107) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:107) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:75) at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51) at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:248) at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$5(DefaultLauncher.java:211) at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:226) at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:199) at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:132) at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71) at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:221) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'xmlSqlService': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:160) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:415) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1786) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:594) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:897) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:879) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:551) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:128) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:275) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:243) at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) ... 63 more Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at user.sqlservice.XmlSqlService.loadSql(XmlSqlService.java:43) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleElement.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:389) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleMetadata.invokeInitMethods(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:333) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:157) ... 80 more

에러가 발생했다... 

위에 에러만으로는 어떤 문제인지 명확히 찾지 못했다.. 

(내가 영어를 이해 못해서인건지는 모르겠지만..)

 

 

나는 2가지를 의심해봤다.

 

첫번째는 @Component로 선언한 UserDaoJdbc였다.

테스트 코드에서 사용된 코드는 UserDao로 @Autowired되고 있는데.. 혹시 bean에 id가 안맞아서 일까..였다.

역시나 아니였다.. 얕은 지식때문인지 의심만 있다.. 

@Component
public class UserDaoJdbc implements UserDao{
...

 

두번째는 @ComponentScan.. 이 놈이 문제긴 했다.

내가 잘못한거긴 하지만.. 처음에 패키지를 잘못 생성해서 생긴 문제였다.. 예제에서는 "springbook.user"로 설정이 되어있지만 나는 springbook이라는 패키지가 없어서 user로 설정을 했다.

 

이게 어떤 요인인지는 모르겠지만.. user를 user.dao로 변경하니 정상 작동했다. 

 

테스트 코드가 정상적으로 작동했다!

 

하지만... 이 다음 예제들을 어떻게 할것인지가 참으로 고민이 된다..

다시 예제처럼 springbook이라는 패키지 밑에 파일들을 옮겨서.. 다시 테스트를 해봐야할지...

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"user.dao", "user1.dao" ....}) 처럼 몇가지만 넣을지...

 

그건 추후에 예제를 보고 수정해야겠다.

이런 것들을 알지못하니 오류를 수정하는데 시간이 너무 많이 든 것 같다.

다음에도 이런 에러들이 발생하면 시간 허비하지 않기 위해 적어둬야겠다...